ABSTRACTGlobally, 655,000 malaria deaths occurred in 2010, with approximately 86% recorded in children under 5yrs (WHO, 2011). In Ghana, the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) in 2018 embarked on a rapid distribution of ITN’s countrywide in a recent LLIN Point Mass Distribution campaign as part of the strategies aimed at …
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ABSTRACTGlobally, 655,000 malaria deaths occurred in 2010, with approximately 86% recorded in children under 5yrs (WHO, 2011). In Ghana, the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) in 2018 embarked on a rapid distribution of ITN’s countrywide in a recent LLIN Point Mass Distribution campaign as part of the strategies aimed at achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the development of pyrethroid resistance in populations of Anopheles gambiae has become a serious threat to the effectiveness of these two vector control measures.The main objective of this study is to determine Pyrethroid insecticide susceptibility status of local malaria vector species and utilization of LLIN in three selected districts (Binduri, Talensi and Builsa South) in the Upper East of Ghana.A structured questionnaire was used to collect information from 873 households on the knowledge, availability and use of LLIN in households within the study districts. Susceptibility of the local Anopheles species to the pyrethroid insecticides was tested by exposing the local Anopheles Mosquitoes to a 0.05% Alphacypermethrin pyrethroid insecticide from communities within the selected districts. There was 100% knowledge and 79.5% availability of LLINs in the households surveyed. Utilization of LLINs was 85.7% with lack or possession of spoiled LLINs as major reasons for non-utilization. Furthermore, the study found high and widespread resistance of Anopheles gambiae to 0.05% Alphacypermethrin in the study area.There is high knowledge and utilization of LLINs despite the high resistance of local mosquitoes to pyrethroid. The efficacy of pyrethroid for the control of malaria should be relooked at in Ghana for policy directions towards control of malaria.
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