TABLE OF CONTENTS Tittle page PAGEREF _Toc103879077 \h i 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003000370037000000 -iiDECLARATIONDEDICATIONACKNOWLEDGEMENTTABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGEREF _Toc103879081 \h vi 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003000380031000000 -viiiLIST OF TABLESLIST OF FIGURESLIST OF ABBREVIATIONABSTRACTINTRODUCTION1.1Background of the Study. PAGEREF _Toc103879087 \h 1 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003000380037000000 -31.2 Problem Statement1.3 Justification of the Study. PAGEREF _Toc103879089 \h 5 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003000380039000000 -6 1.4 Objectives of Study…………………………………………………………………………71.4.1 …
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Tittle page PAGEREF _Toc103879077 \h i 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003000370037000000 -iiDECLARATIONDEDICATIONACKNOWLEDGEMENTTABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGEREF _Toc103879081 \h vi 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003000380031000000 -viiiLIST OF TABLESLIST OF FIGURESLIST OF ABBREVIATIONABSTRACTINTRODUCTION1.1Background of the Study. PAGEREF _Toc103879087 \h 1 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003000380037000000 -31.2 Problem Statement1.3 Justification of the Study. PAGEREF _Toc103879089 \h 5 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003000380039000000 -6 1.4 Objectives of Study…………………………………………………………………………71.4.1 General Objectives 1.4.2 Specific Objectives. 71.5 Research Questions1.6 Significance of the study1.7 Conceptual Framework. 8-91.8 Organization of ChaptersCHAPTER TWOLITERATURE REVIEW2.0 Introduction2.1 Types of Antibiotics. 10-332.2 Consumption of Antibiotics2.3 Days of Therepy(DOT) PAGEREF _Toc103879100 \h 34 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003100300030000000 -362.4 The Association of Antibiotic Prescription with Patient 36-402.4.1 Summary of the Chapter 40-41CHAPTER THREERESEARCH METHODOLOGY3.0 Introduction3.1 Profile of the Study Area3.2 Research Design3.3 Study Population3.4 Sampling Technique and Sample Size. 43-443.4.1 Sampling Procedure3.5 Data Collection Tool and Procedures3.6 Data Analysis3.7 Inclusion Criteria3.8 Exclusion Criteria3.9 Pretest3.10 Limitation of the Study3.11 Ethical Considerations. 46-47CHAPTER FOURDATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION4.0 Introduction4.1 Results4.1.1 Antibiotics prescribed at the Outpatient Department 48-494.1.2 The level of Consumption of Antibiotics per Day. PAGEREF _Toc103879135 \h 49 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F0054006F0063003100300033003800370039003100330035000000 -514.1.3 Days of therapy (DoT) of Antibiotics Prescribed. 51-534.1.4 Association of Antibiotics Prescription Practices with PatientsCHAPTER FIVE…………………………………………………………………………………………565.0 Discussions5. 1. Determination of Prescribing Practices and Antibiotics Prescribed5.2. The level of Consumption of Antibiotics Per Day. 56-575.3 Assessment of Days of therapy5.4 The Association of Antibiotics Prescription Practices With Patients. 58-59CHAPTER SIXCONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS6.0 Introduction6.1 Summary of Findings6.2 Conclusion6.3 Recommendations. 62-64REFERENCES. 65-67APPENDIXABSTRACT: This study seeks to assess antibiotics prescribing practices at the outpatient department of Bono regional hospital. A cross sectional survey study design was adopted to assess antibiotics prescribing practices at the outpatient department. A total of 201 patients’ folders were sampled for data analysis. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to analyze the data. The study found that the average number of antibiotics prescribed per prescription was 1.7 which was within the standard range of 1.6-1.8. Also the distribution of the prescribed DDD showed that the average daily doses of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and Ciprofloxacin prescribed were higher than the WHO defined daily dose of 1. The days of therapy distribution in Table 4.3 shows that most antibiotics were routinely prescribed for 7 days. It was found that the type of antibiotic prescribed had no association with the outcome of the patient condition (p-value>0.05). The study concludes that in a day, 44 out of 100 patients receiving antibiotics are given Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Averagely, the DoT of the antibiotics was 7 days. It was therefore recommended that the Ministry of Heath should have a comprehensive surveillance system of antibiotics utilization linked to National health Insurance Scheme reimbursement should be set up. Also, there is the need for a national survey of antibiotic prescribing to provide country-level data for benchmarking practices in hospitals has become necessary.
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